{"id":1881,"date":"2023-09-23T15:26:31","date_gmt":"2023-09-23T13:26:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/christeninformatica.ch\/?p=1881"},"modified":"2024-11-20T05:31:14","modified_gmt":"2024-11-20T04:31:14","slug":"how-to-crack-recover-passwords-with-hashcat-brute-force-attack-ethical-hacking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/christeninformatica.ch\/it\/how-to-crack-recover-passwords-with-hashcat-brute-force-attack-ethical-hacking\/","title":{"rendered":"How to crack\/recover passwords with Hashcat Brute Force"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tutorial on how to crack\/recover a password using a Hashcat brute force attack. Hashcat is a very sophisticated tool that is used to decrypt hashes. It is one of the fastest password cracker because it uses the GPU of the graphic card to speed up the process. With Hashcat you can “crack\/recover” any password, also those of WordPress for example, you just have to get the hash file. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

How to Identify the Hash Algorithm Type<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

To crack\/recover a hash file you must first know what type of hashing algorithm was used. To find out you just have to observe the first two characters of the code, see table below. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Characters<\/th>\nHashing Algorithm <\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
$0<\/td>\nDES<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$1<\/td>\nMD5 Hashing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$2<\/td>\nBlowfish<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$2A<\/td>\nEksblowfish<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$5<\/td>\nSHA256<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$6<\/td>\nSHA512<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n

If the code begins with $6 it means that the used algorithm is Sha512. There are also programs such as hashid that can be useful to identify the type of “hashing algorithm”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Run the “hashcat -help” command and take a look under “hash modes”, there is a list of identification numbers to be used. In our example \u2013 we will crack a Linux System user password with hashcat brute force – the number to be used is 1800.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
  15900 | DPAPI masterkey file v2                          | Operating Systems\n  12800 | MS-AzureSync  PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256                 | Operating Systems\n   1500 | descrypt, DES (Unix), Traditional DES            | Operating Systems\n  12400 | BSDi Crypt, Extended DES                         | Operating Systems\n    500 | md5crypt, MD5 (Unix), Cisco-IOS $1$ (MD5)        | Operating Systems\n   3200 | bcrypt $2*$, Blowfish (Unix)                     | Operating Systems\n   7400 | sha256crypt $5$, SHA256 (Unix)                   | Operating Systems\n   1800 | sha512crypt $6$, SHA512 (Unix)                   | Operating Systems\n    122 | macOS v10.4, MacOS v10.5, MacOS v10.6            | Operating Systems\n   1722 | macOS v10.7                                      | Operating Systems\n   7100 | macOS v10.8+ (PBKDF2-SHA512)                     | Operating Systems\n   6300 | AIX {smd5}                                       | Operating Systems\n   6700 | AIX {ssha1}                                      | Operating Systems\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
Hashcat Attack Mode<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Number<\/th>\nDescription<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
0<\/td>\nVocabulary Attack<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nCombination<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nBrute Force Attack<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nHybrid Attack<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
Hashcat Charset and Mask<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Hashcat Charset<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
The sets of characters available are lowercase, uppercase, numbers and special characters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n  ? | Charset\n ===+=========\n  l | abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\n  u | ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\n  d | 0123456789\n  s |  !\"#$%&'()*+,-.\/:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~\n  a | ?l?u?d?s\n  b | 0x00 - 0xff\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nSo, to crack a password<\/b> that is composed of lowercase letters, use ?l, for uppercase letters ?u, for numbers ?d etc. For example, if you want to “crack” a password<\/b> using lowercase, uppercase and numbers you can use “-1 ?l ?u ?d ?1?1?1?1”. If you want to use all possible characters use ?a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hashcat Mask<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
The mask is used to define the number of characters of the password to crack<\/b> as well as the type to use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
An example of a mask for a password composed of 4 lowercase letters could be this: “?l?l?l”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cracking Linux System password with Hashcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
For this example on how to crack Linux System passwords<\/b> with Hashcat<\/b> we will create a test user. \n<\/p>\n
\n
\n
\nWORKSTATION:~ # useradd testuser\nWORKSTATION:~ # passwd testuser\nNew password: \nBAD PASSWORD: it does not contain enough DIFFERENT characters\nBAD PASSWORD: is too simple\nRetype new password: \npasswd: password updated successfully\nWORKSTATION:~ # \n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
\nThe next step is to create a hash file<\/b>. Passwords in Linux are stored in an encrypted way in the \/etc\/shadow file, in modern systems, using the Algorithm hashing SHA512.\n<\/p>\n
\nNow, to create the file we need we have to extract this information –the hash of the password<\/b>– from the \/etc\/shadow file with the following command:\n<\/p>\n
\n
\n
\nWORKSTATION:~ # tail -n1 \/etc\/shadow \ntestuser:$6$CPtgtq4iPZ0cMSlt$A5Ev4HXwH2ZDzrWNhHgfO1ZZ7ceNIGwTCnnwSXOhcuOVm09FqvPOZgPhRp9DpKC3WsA7FDWOq4B8JAyMoaWcT\/:19622:0:99999:7:::\nWORKSTATION:~ # cd $HOME\nWORKSTATION:~ # tail -n1 \/etc\/shadow > testuser.hash\n\n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n
Once the hash file is created you can proceed. To crack the password contained in the file run the following command:\n<\/p>\n
\n
\n
:~ # hashcat -m 1800 -a 3 testuser.hash ?l?l?l?l?l\nhashcat (v3.00) starting...\nHashes: 1 hashes; 1 unique digests, 1 unique salts\nBitmaps: 16 bits, 65536 entries, 0x0000ffff mask, 262144 bytes, 5\/13 rotates\nApplicable Optimizers:\n* Zero-Byte\n* Single-Hash\n* Single-Salt\n* Brute-Force\n* Uses-64-Bit\nWatchdog: Temperature abort trigger set to 90c\nWatchdog: Temperature retain trigger set to 75c\n\n[s]tatus [p]ause [r]esume [b]ypass [c]heckpoint [q]uit => s\n\nSession.Name...: hashcat\nStatus.........: Running\nInput.Mode.....: Mask (?l?l?l?l?l) [5]\nHash.Target....: $6$3jszVVeWR0jP6Bpr$eVtWKvj3KjQXUvIpz286Q...\nHash.Type......: sha512crypt, SHA512(Unix)\nTime.Started...: Tue Jan 15 21:02:08 2019 (29 secs)\nTime.Estimated.: Tue Jan 15 21:28:50 2019 (26 mins, 7 secs)\nSpeed.Dev.#1...:     7444 H\/s (11.61ms)\nRecovered......: 0\/1 (0.00%) Digests, 0\/1 (0.00%) Salts\nProgress.......: 215040\/11881376 (1.81%)\nRejected.......: 0\/215040 (0.00%)\nRestore.Point..: 0\/456976 (0.00%)\nHWMon.Dev.#1...: Temp: 60c Fan: 39%\n\n$6$3jszVVeWR0jP6Bpr$eVtWKvj3KjQXUvIpz286QNRl1bs5EAcq6gBG.z.TvbJVjYetM0byqyb7rwFKQwkYnIag80QF4HqUBreIhY0Mz1:test9\n                                                          \nSession.Name...: hashcat\nStatus.........: Cracked\nInput.Mode.....: Mask (?l?l?l?l?l) [5]\nHash.Target....: $6$3jszVVeWR0jP6Bpr$eVtWKvj3KjQXUvIpz286Q...\nHash.Type......: sha512crypt, SHA512(Unix)\nTime.Started...: Tue Jan 15 21:02:08 2019 (2 mins, 23 secs)\nSpeed.Dev.#1...:     7469 H\/s (11.59ms)\nRecovered......: 1\/1 (100.00%) Digests, 1\/1 (100.00%) Salts\nProgress.......: 1075200\/11881376 (9.05%)\nRejected.......: 0\/1075200 (0.00%)\nRestore.Point..: 35840\/456976 (7.84%)\n\nStarted: Tue Jan 15 21:02:08 2019\nStopped: Tue Jan 15 21:04:38 2019 \n:~ # \n<\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tutorial on how to crack\/recover a password using a Hashcat brute force attack. Hashcat is a very sophisticated tool that is used to decrypt hashes. It is one of the fastest password cracker because it uses the GPU of the graphic card to speed up the process. With Hashcat you can “crack\/recover” any password, also…<\/p>\n
Read More “How to crack\/recover passwords with Hashcat Brute Force”<\/span> »<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":1838,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[268,297],"tags":[18,303,259,302,61,274,304,11],"class_list":["post-1881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ethical-hacking-penetration-testing","category-tutorials","tag-brute-force","tag-crack","tag-ethical-hacking","tag-hashcat","tag-password","tag-password-cracker","tag-program","tag-tutorial"],"yoast_head":"\nHow to crack\/recover passwords with Hashcat Brute Force • CHIT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tutorial on how to crack\/recover a Linux System password using Hashcat brute force attack.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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